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 Huangdi
(Yellow Emperor)
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Huangdi is considered the ancestor of the Chinese people who was the fount of Chinese culture. Living in the middle valley of the Yellow River during the late prehistoric period, he was elected at the age of fifteen to be a chief because of his bravery and resourcefulness. He led his troops to defeat the tribe of Yandi (another influential chief) in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and then the army of Chiyou in the South. This brought an end to the primitive wars and unified the Chinese people. Thus he became leader of the whole of China, and was respected as 'Tianzi', literally the son of heaven. Huangdi and his wives' efforts to create practical rites and science gave a great impetus to Chinese civilization. Medicine, silk-weaving, music and the use of currency, mirror, comb, bow and arrow, all start from that time. He deserved to be honored as 'the ancestor of Chinese civilization', and the saying 'the descendants of Yan and Huang' typifies the Chinese people, who followed Huangdi's spirit of innovation, dedication and unification.
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